內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介
雖然名詞 “wharf、quay、pier” 和 “jetty” 都可以翻譯成 “碼頭”,但它們所指的 “碼頭” 類型卻不同。在四個(gè)詞當(dāng)中,“wharf” 和 “quay” 通常指 “裝卸貨物或供乘客上下船使用的大型碼頭”,而 “pier” 和 “jetty” 多指 “用于乘客上下船的、延伸到水面上的突堤碼頭”。聽(tīng)節(jié)目,學(xué)習(xí)辨析這四個(gè)近義詞的用法。
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文字稿
(關(guān)于臺(tái)詞的備注: 請(qǐng)注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過(guò)程中對(duì)節(jié)目做出的改變。)
Beth
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week. I'm Beth.
Jiaying
And I'm Jiaying. 本期節(jié)目要回答的問(wèn)題如下:
Question
I would like to know the difference between 'wharf', 'quay', 'pier' and 'jetty' as they all mean '碼頭' in Chinese. It's a bit confusing to distinguish between them. Thank you.
Beth
Thanks for your question! We're going to look at the meaning of each word and will give you some examples!
Jiaying
因?yàn)閱?wèn)題中的名詞 “wharf” 和 “quay” 所指的事物比較相似,所以先來(lái)講一講這兩個(gè)詞。
Beth
Both 'wharf' and 'quay' are a safe landing area for ships and boats by the river or sea.
Jiaying
是的,“wharf” 和 “quay” 都有 “碼頭” 的意思。船舶會(huì)在 “wharf” 或者 “quay” 邊上靠岸,兩個(gè)詞所指的 “碼頭” 都可以用來(lái)裝卸貨物或供乘客上下船。這兩個(gè)詞所指的 “碼頭” 通常占地面積很大。
Beth
They are usually made of stone or metal and their position is parallel to the shore. The main difference, though, is that a 'wharf' is bigger than a 'quay'. A 'wharf' usually has a series of docking areas for boats.
Jiaying
補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn):名詞 “wharf” 所指的 “碼頭” 可能包含多個(gè) “quays”,這類大型碼頭的空間更大,因此裝得下更多艘船。聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
There are three ships coming into the wharf now.
(有三艘船正在駛?cè)氪a頭。)
We need to wait for our boat on the quay.
(我們需要在碼頭等船。)
Beth
A 'wharf' often has buildings on it too, like offices and warehouses, because of its size.
Jiaying
如今,有一些舊的碼頭 “wharves” 被改建成了住宅區(qū)或辦公樓,地名中仍保留了 “wharf” 一詞。比如,倫敦的 “金絲雀碼頭” 就是 “Canary Wharf”。注意,“wharf, w h a r f” 的復(fù)數(shù)變化是不規(guī)則的,變成 “wharves, w h a r v e s”。
Examples
I manage the ships from a huge office on the wharf.
(我在碼頭的一個(gè)大辦公室里管理船舶。)
At the quay, the fishermen unloaded the fish they had caught.
(在碼頭,漁民們把他們捕獲的魚(yú)卸了下來(lái)。)
Jiaying
講完了名詞 “wharf” 和 “quay”,現(xiàn)在來(lái)看看名詞 “pier” 和 “jetty”。
Beth
Both a 'pier' and a 'jetty' are used by passengers to get on and off boats. They're usually wooden or concrete.
Jiaying
雖然 “pier” 和 “jetty” 也會(huì)被翻譯成 “碼頭”,但它們特指 “從陸地延伸到湖、河、海中,用木頭或混凝土等制成的突堤”?!癙ier” 和 “jetty” 都從岸邊延伸到水面上。
Beth
However, a 'pier' can also have entertainment, such as an arcade, or amenities, like cafes, on it.
Jiaying
是的,在 “pier” 所指的 “突堤碼頭,棧橋” 上,通常建有各類休閑娛樂(lè)設(shè)施。人們來(lái)這里游玩。而 “jetty” 則只是為了船舶??亢统丝蜕舷麓ㄔ斓摹B?tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
On my birthday, we went to the pier to play in the arcade.
(在我生日那天,我們?nèi)ゴa頭上的休閑娛樂(lè)區(qū)打街機(jī)。)
Your boat leaves from the jetty at 11 o'clock.
(你要乘的船11點(diǎn)鐘從突堤碼頭出發(fā)。)
Beth
Another difference between a 'pier' and a 'jetty' is how they are built. A 'pier' is often above the water on pillars, so the water can flow underneath easily.
Jiaying
而 “jetty” 所指的 “突堤碼頭” 的下面則鋪設(shè)了堅(jiān)固的材料,一直延伸到海床上。這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以改變潮水流動(dòng)的路徑,從而保護(hù)海岸線免受海浪的沖蝕或免遭洪水的影響。
Examples
The sign says you mustn't swim under the pier.
(標(biāo)志牌上寫(xiě)著你不能在棧橋下面游泳。)
The jetty protects the coastline from strong tides.
(這個(gè)突堤碼頭保護(hù)海岸線不受洶涌的潮水的影響。)
Jiaying
我們來(lái)總結(jié)一下:名詞 “wharf” 和 “quay” 都描述 “用來(lái)裝卸船只或供乘客上下船的碼頭”,這兩個(gè)詞所指的 “碼頭” 占地面積通常很大,但 “wharf” 通常比 “quay” 還要大。名詞 “pier” 和 “jetty” 用來(lái)指 “用于乘客上下船的、延伸到水面上的突堤碼頭”,但 “pier” 上面可能建有各類休閑娛樂(lè)設(shè)施,而 “jetty” 則沒(méi)有。
Beth
Right, Jiaying. I think we need to go now!
Jiaying
Oh, yes! We're going to the arcade on the pier tonight!
Beth
We are indeed! Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Jiaying
你也可以通過(guò)微博向我們提問(wèn)。我們的微博賬號(hào)是 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)”。Bye, everyone.
Beth
Bye!